Citation Style 1 templates
{{Cite arXiv}}arXiv preprints
{{Cite AV media}}audio and visual
{{Cite AV media notes}}audio and visual liner notes
{{Cite bioRxiv}}bioRxiv preprints
{{Cite book}}books
{{Cite citeseerx}}scientific and academic papers
{{Cite conference}}conference papers
{{Cite encyclopedia}}edited collections
{{Cite episode}}radio or television episodes
{{Cite interview}}interviews
{{Cite journal}}academic journals and papers
{{Cite magazine}}magazines, periodicals
{{Cite mailing list}}public mailing lists
{{Cite map}}maps
{{Cite news}}news articles
{{Cite newsgroup}}online newsgroups
{{Cite podcast}}podcasts
{{Cite press release}}press releases
{{Cite report}}reports
{{Cite serial}}audio or video serials
{{Cite sign}}signs, plaques
{{Cite speech}}speeches
{{Cite ssrn}}articles with SSRN identifiers
{{Cite techreport}}technical reports
{{Cite thesis}}theses
{{Cite web}}web sources not covered by the above
See also:

This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for academic and scientific papers published in bona fide journals. For articles in magazines and newsletters, use {{cite magazine}}. For academic and scientific papers not published in bona fide journals, please use one of the templates listed on this page in the "Citation Style 1 templates" box. If you have a digital object identifier (DOI) for the journal reference you wish to add, Wikipedia has a citation bot that will read that DOI and expand it into a full reference with the author's name, journal name, date, volume, issue, pages, etc. You can view instructions on how to add this gadget to your Wikipedia preferences at User:Citation bot/use.


Copy a blank version to use. All parameter names must be in lowercase. Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Delete unused parameters to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples may include the current date. If the date is not current, then purge the page.


Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format


To cite a professional or scientific journal
{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=}}
Vancouver system author style for a scientific journal
{{cite journal |vauthors= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date=}}
or
{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date= | name-list-format=vanc}}
To cite a journal article with no credited author
{{cite journal |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=}}
To cite an online article that has been archived
{{cite journal |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |url-status= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=}}
To cite an article written in a foreign language
{{cite journal |last= |first= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |language= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=}}
To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language journal article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |access-date= |language= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status= |via= |quote=}}

Full parameter set in horizontal format
{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |last3= |first3= |author-link3= |last4= |first4= |author-link4= |last5= |first5= |author-link5= |display-authors= |author-mask= |name-list-format= |last-author-amp= |date= |year= |orig-year= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editor3-last= |editor3-first= |editor3-link= |editor4-last= |editor4-first= |editor4-link= |editor5-last= |editor5-first= |editor5-link= |display-editors= |others= |title= |script-title= |trans-title= |url= |access-date= |url-access= |format= |department= |journal= |type= |series= |language= |edition= |location= |publisher= |publication-place= |publication-date= |volume= |issue= |page= |pages= |at= |nopp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |bibcode-access= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |doi= |doi-access= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |jstor-access= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |ol-access= |osti= |osti-access= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status= |via= |layurl= |laysource= |laydate= |quote= |postscript= |ref=}}
Most commonly used parameters in vertical format
To cite a professional or scientific journal
{{cite journal
| last       = 
| first      = 
| last2      = 
| first2     = 
| date       = 
| title      = 
| url        = 
| journal    = 
| volume     = 
| issue      = 
| pages      = 
| doi        = 
| access-date = 
}}
Vancouver system author style for a scientific journal
{{cite journal
| vauthors   = 
| date       = 
| title      = 
| url        = 
| journal    = 
| volume     = 
| issue      = 
| pages      = 
| doi        = 
| pmc        = 
| pmid       = 
| access-date = 
}}

or

{{cite journal
| last1      = 
| first1     = 
| last2      = 
| first2     = 
| date       = 
| title      = 
| url        = 
| journal    = 
| volume     = 
| issue      = 
| pages      = 
| doi        = 
| pmc        = 
| pmid       = 
| access-date = 
| name-list-format = vanc
}}
To cite a journal article with no credited author
{{cite journal
| author     = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->
| date       = 
| title      = 
| url        = 
| journal    = 
| volume     = 
| issue      = 
| pages      = 
| doi        = 
| access-date = 
}}
To cite an online article that has been archived
{{cite journal
| last        = 
| first       = 
| date        = 
| title       = 
| url         = 
| url-status  = 
| journal     = 
| volume      = 
| issue       = 
| pages       = 
| doi         = 
| archive-url = 
| archive-date= 
| access-date = 
}}
To cite a journal article written in a foreign language
{{cite journal
| last        = 
| first       = 
| date        = 
| title       = 
| trans-title = 
| url         = 
| language    = 
| journal     = 
| volume      = 
| issue       = 
| pages       = 
| doi         = 
| access-date = 
}}
To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language journal article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
{{cite journal
| last1        = 
| first1       = 
| last2        = 
| first2       = 
| date         = 
| title        = 
| trans-title  = 
| url          = 
| url-status   = 
| format       = 
| language     = 
| journal      = 
| volume       = 
| issue        = 
| pages        = 
| doi          = 
| archive-url  = 
| archive-date = 
| access-date  = 
| via          = 
| url-access   = 
| quote        = 
}}

Full parameter set in vertical format
Vertical list Prerequisites Brief instructions / notes
{{cite journal
| last1                 = 
| first1                = 
| author-link1          = 
| last2                 = 
| first2                = 
| author-link2          = 
| last3                 = 
| first3                = 
| author-link3          = 
| last4                 = 
| first4                = 
| author-link4          = 
| last5                 = 
| first5                = 
| author-link5          = 
| display-authors       = 
| author-mask           = 
| name-list-format      = 
| last-author-amp       = 
| date                  = 
| year                  = 
| orig-year             = 
| editor1-last          = 
| editor1-first         = 
| editor1-link          = 
| editor2-last          = 
| editor2-first         = 
| editor2-link          = 
| editor3-last          = 
| editor3-first         = 
| editor3-link          = 
| editor4-last          = 
| editor4-first         = 
| editor4-link          = 
| editor5-last          = 
| editor5-first         = 
| editor5-link          = 
| display-editors       = 
| others                = 
| title                 = 
| script-title          = 
| trans-title           = 
| url                   = 
| url-status            = 
| format                = 
| url-access            = 
| department            = 
| journal               = 
| type                  = 
| series                = 
| language              = 
| edition               = 
| location              = 
| publisher             = 
| publication-place     = 
| publication-date      = 
| volume                = 
| issue                 = 
| page                  = 
| pages                 = 
| at                    = 
| nopp                  = 
| arxiv                 = 
| asin                  = 
| bibcode               = 
| biorxiv               = 
| citeseerx             = 
| doi                   = 
| doi-broken-date       = 
| doi-access            = 
| isbn                  = 
| issn                  = 
| jfm                   = 
| jstor                 = 
| jstor-access          = 
| lccn                  = 
| mr                    = 
| oclc                  = 
| ol                    = 
| ol-access             = 
| osti                  = 
| osti-access           = 
| pmc                   = 
| pmid                  = 
| rfc                   = 
| ssrn                  = 
| zbl                   = 
| id                    = 
| archive-url           = 
| archive-date          = 
| access-date           = 
| via                   = 
| registration          = 
| subscription          = 
| lay-url               = 
| lay-source            = 
| lay-date              = 
| quote                 = 
| postscript            = 
| ref                   = 
}}
 
 
 last1
 
 last1
 last2
 
 last2
 last3
 
 last3
 last4
 
 last4
 last5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 editor1-last
 editor2-last
 
 editor2-last
 editor3-last
 
 editor3-last
 editor4-last
 
 editor4-last
 editor5-last
 
 
 
 
 
 title or script-title
 archive-url
 url
 url
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 doi
 
 
 
 
 jstor
 
 
 
 
 ol
 
 osti
 
 
 
 
 
 
 url
 archive-url
 url
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  • If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.


Journal article
  • {{cite journal |last=Overpeck |first=J. T. |last2=Webb |first2=T. |last3=Prentice |first3=I. C. |date=January 1985 |title=Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: Dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogs |journal=Quaternary Research |volume=23 |pages=87–108 |bibcode=1985QuRes..23...87O |doi=10.1016/0033-5894(85)90074-2}}

Displays as:

  • Overpeck، J. T. (January 1985). «Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: Dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogs». Quaternary Research. 23: 87–108. Bibcode:1985QuRes..23...87O. doi:10.1016/0033-5894(85)90074-2.
Vancouver style (common in biomedicine); see داڕێژە:Vcite for specific templates
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Bannen R, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright S, Mitchell J |date=2008 |title=Optimal design of thermally stable proteins |url=http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/24/20/2339 |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=24 |issue=20 |pages=2339–2343 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450 |pmc=2562006 |pmid=18723523}}

Displays as:

or

  • {{cite journal |last=Bannen |first=RM |last2=Suresh |first2=V |last3=Phillips |first3=GN Jr |last4=Wright |first4=SJ |last5=Mitchell |first5=JC |date=2008 |title=Optimal design of thermally stable proteins |url=http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/24/20/2339 |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=24 |issue=20 |pages=2339–2343 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450 |pmc=2562006 |pmid=18723523 |name-list-format=vanc}}

Displays as:

Include URL link to article, pre-print, or abstract.
  • {{cite journal |last=Aries |first=Myriam B. C. |last2=Newsham |first2=Guy R. |last-author-amp=yes |date=2008 |title=Effect of daylight saving time on lighting energy use: a literature review |url=http://archive.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/obj/irc/doc/pubs/nrcc49212/nrcc49212.pdf |journal=Energy Policy |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=1858–1866 |doi=10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.021 |access-date=October 18, 2013}}

Displays as:

If the linked document is PDF, but the extension is not .pdf or .PDF, you may add the parameter |format=PDF, which displays " (PDF)" after the link.

Specify the DOI to provide a permanent link, and an URL where the article is free. For medical articles also give the PMID and PubMed Central (PMC) ID
the PMC value will link the free full-text repository and will link the title if the URL is not specified. |access-date= is not necessary when a permanent identifier is used.
  • {{cite journal |last=Viollet |first=Benoît |last2=Andreelli |first2=Fabrizio |last3=Jørgensen |first3=Sebastian B. |last4=Perrin |first4=Christophe |last5=Geloen |first5=Alain |last6=Flamez |first6=Daisy |last7=Mu |first7=James |last8=Lenzner |first8=Claudia |last9=Baud |first9=Olivier |last10=Bennoun |first10=Myriam |last11=Gomas |first11=Emmanuel |last12=Nicolas |first12=Gaël |last13=Wojtaszewski |first13=Jørgen F. P. |last14=Kahn1 |first14=Axel |last15=Carling |first15=David |last16=Schuit |first16=Frans C. |last17=Birnbaum |first17=Morris J. |last18=Richter |first18=Erik A. |last19=Burcelin |first19=Rémy |last20=Vaulont |first20=Sophie |display-authors=5 |date=January 2003 |title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity |url=http://www.jci.org/articles/view/16567 |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |volume=111 |issue=1 |pages=91–98 |doi=10.1172/JCI16567 |pmc=151837 |pmid=12511592 |access-date=2012-11-17}}

Displays as:

Whereas if the URL had not been specified, then the title is linked to the PMC link, which is repeated:

  • {{cite journal |last=Viollet |first=Benoît |last2=Andreelli |first2=Fabrizio |last3=Jørgensen |first3=Sebastian B. |last4=Perrin |first4=Christophe |last5=Geloen |first5=Alain |last6=Flamez |first6=Daisy |last7=Mu |first7=James |last8=Lenzner |first8=Claudia |last9=Baud |first9=Olivier |last10=Bennoun |first10=Myriam |last11=Gomas |first11=Emmanuel |last12=Nicolas |first12=Gaël |last13=Wojtaszewski |first13=Jørgen F. P. |last14=Kahn1 |first14=Axel |last15=Carling |first15=David |last16=Schuit |first16=Frans C. |last17=Birnbaum |first17=Morris J. |last18=Richter |first18=Erik A. |last19=Burcelin |first19=Rémy |last20=Vaulont |first20=Sophie |display-authors=5 |date=January 2003 |title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |volume=111 |issue=1 |pages=91–98 |doi=10.1172/JCI16567 |pmc=151837 |pmid=12511592}}

Displays as:

If the doi link is broken, then use of doi-broken-date unlinks the doi value, indicates when the doi-problem was first noticed, and will also add the page to "Category:Pages with DOIs inactive as of YYYY" (tracking category Category:Pages with inactive DOIs):

  • {{cite journal |last=Viollet |first=Benoît |last2=Andreelli |first2=Fabrizio |last3=Jørgensen |first3=Sebastian B. |last4=Perrin |first4=Christophe |last5=Geloen |first5=Alain |last6=Flamez |first6=Daisy |last7=Mu |first7=James |last8=Lenzner |first8=Claudia |last9=Baud |first9=Olivier |last10=Bennoun |first10=Myriam |last11=Gomas |first11=Emmanuel |last12=Nicolas |first12=Gaël |last13=Wojtaszewski |first13=Jørgen F. P. |last14=Kahn1 |first14=Axel |last15=Carling |first15=David |last16=Schuit |first16=Frans C. |last17=Birnbaum |first17=Morris J. |last18=Richter |first18=Erik A. |last19=Burcelin |first19=Rémy |last20=Vaulont |first20=Sophie |display-authors=5 |date=January 2003 |title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |volume=111 |issue=1 |pages=91–98 |doi=10.1172/JCI16567 |doi-broken-date=2019-01-01 |pmc=151837 |pmid=12511592}}

Displays as:

If the article is in a foreign language, and the original title is unknown, enclose the translated title in square brackets and use |title=. Otherwise use |title= for the foreign-language title and |trans-title= for the English-language title.
  • {{cite journal |last=Huang |first=Y. |last2=Lu |first2=J. |last3=Shen |first3=Y. |last4=Lu |first4=J. |last-author-amp=yes |date=March 1999 |title=[The protective effects of total flavonoids from Lycium Barbarum L. on lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria and red blood cell in rats] |journal=Wei Sheng Yan Jiu |language=Chinese |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=115–116 |pmid=11938998}}

Displays as:

Huang، Y. (March 1999). «[The protective effects of total flavonoids from Lycium Barbarum L. on lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria and red blood cell in rats]». Wei Sheng Yan Jiu (بە Chinese). 28 (2): 115–116. PMID 11938998. {{cite journal}}: پارامەتری نەناسراوی |last-author-amp= چاوپۆشیی لێ کرا (|name-list-style= پێشنیار کراوە) (یارمەتی)ڕاگرتنی شێوازی سەرچاوەی ١: زمانی نەناسراو (بەستەر)
Example using other identifiers
  • {{cite journal |last=Merimovich |first=C. |date=2007 |title=A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere |journal=Journal of Symbolic Logic |volume=72 |issue=2 |pages=361–417 |doi=10.2178/jsl/1185803615 |mr=2320282}}

Displays as:

Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:

  • parent
  • OR: parent2—may be used instead of parent
    • child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
    • OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)
Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.


By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.). This can be an issue when the last field uses an abbreviation or initial that ends with a period, as then two periods will display (..). The only solution is to not include the last period in the value for the set of fields.


This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. See Wikipedia:COinS. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:

  • use |date=27 September 2007 not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)

Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example &nbsp;, &ndash;, or &#160;, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.

COinS metadata is created for these parameters

دەستکاری

Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in the Usage section near the top of this documentation page.

  • |periodical=, |journal=, |newspaper=, |magazine=, |work=, |website=, |encyclopedia=, |encyclopaedia=, |dictionary=
  • |chapter=, |script-chapter=, |contribution=, |script-contribution=, |entry=, |script-entry=, |article=, |script-article=, |section=, |script-section=
  • |title=, |script-title=, |book-title=
  • |publication-place=, |place=, |location=
  • |date=, |year=, |publication-date=
  • |series=, |version=
  • |volume=, |issue=, |number=
  • |page=, |pages=, |at=, |quote-page=, |quote-pages=
  • |edition=
  • |publisher=, |institution=
  • |url=, |chapter-url=, |contribution-url=, |section-url=
  • |author-last=, |author-last#=, |author#-last=, |author-surname=, |author-surname#=, |author#-surname=, |last=, |last#=, |surname=, |surname#=, |author=, |author#=, |subject=, |subject#=, |host=, |host#=
  • |author-first=, |author-first#=, |author#-first=, |author-given=, |author-given#=, |author#-given=, |first=, |first#=, |given=, |given#=
  • |degree=
  • |arxiv=, |bibcode=, |biorxiv=, |citeseerx=, |doi=, |eissn=, |eprint=, |hdl=, |isbn=, |issn=, |jfm=, |jstor=, |lccn=, |message-id=, |mr=, |oclc=, |osti=, |pmc=, |pmid=, |rfc=, |ssrn=, |s2cid=, |zbl=
What's new or changed recently
Parameter New or changed param
|script-work= New. Name of the |work= in its original script (Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, etc.) if not a Latin script.
|trans-work= New. Name of the |work= in English, if the original is in another language.
|url-status= New. Replaces dead-url; list of values has changed. Interacts with archive-url. See url-status.

The following parameters are deprecated and will no longer work. Their use will place the page into Category:Pages containing cite templates with deprecated parameters:

  • access-date · accessday · accessdaymonth · accessed · accessmonth · accessmonthday · accessyear: Use accessdate to include the full date of access.
  • day: Use date to include the day, month and year.
  • dateformat · doilabel: These parameters are no longer supported.


  • last: Surname of author. Do not wikilink—use authorlink instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: last1, author, authors, author1.
    • first: Given or first names of author, including title(s); for example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use authorlink instead. Aliases: first1.
    • OR: for multiple authors, use last1, first1 through last9, first9 for up to nine authors. By default, if nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and "et al." will show in place of the last author. See the display parameters to change. Aliases: author1 through author9.
  • authorlink: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: authorlink1, author-link, author1-link, author1link.
  • OR: for multiple authors, use authorlink1 through authorlink9. Aliases: author1-link through author9-link.
  • others: To record other contributors to the work, such as Illustrated by John Smith or Translated by John Smith.
When using shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field or else the anchor will not match the inline link.
  • date: Date of source being referenced. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations.[١] Required when year is used to disambiguate {{sfn}} links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.[more]. Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher.
  • OR:
    • year: Year of source being referenced. Required with some types of {{sfn}} citations;[more] otherwise use date.
    • month: Name of the month or season of publication. If you also have the day, use date instead. Do not wikilink.
    • origyear: Original publication year; displays after the date or year. For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: |origyear=First published 1859 or |origyear=Composed 1904.
  1. ^ Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. See: .


  • editor-last: Surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use editor-last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: editor1-last, editor, editors.
    • editor-first: Given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Aliases: editor1-first.
    • OR: for multiple editors, use editor1-last, editor1-first through editor4-last, editor4-first for up to four editors.
  • editor-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: editor1-link.
  • OR: for multiple editors, use editor1-link through editor4-link.
Display:
If authors: Authors are first, followed by the editors and the included work, then the main work.
If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."; more than three editors will be followed by "et al., eds."


  • title: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes.
    • trans_title: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after title; if url is defined, then trans_title is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended.
Titles containing certain characters will display and link incorrectly unless those characters are encoded.
newline [ ] |
space &#91; &#93; &#124;
  • When the title you are citing contains quotations marks or apostrophes at the beginning, end or both, you can use &thinsp; to place a separation between that punctuation and the quotation marks this template automatically provides around the title, to avoid a non-ideal display such as '''.
  • For example instead of title='name' which will display on many browsers with the quotation marks surrounding it as '''name''', use |title=&thinsp;'name'&thinsp;, which will display as " 'name' ".


  • type: Provides additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, CD liner, Press release.


  • language: The language the source is written in, if not English. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name. Use the full language name; do not use icons or templates.
  • url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found. Cannot be used if title is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon.com. See: WP:PAGELINKS.
    • accessdate: Full date when original URL was accessed; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.[١] Do not wikilink. Not required for web pages or linked documents that do not change; mainly for use of web pages that change frequently or have no publication date. Can be hidden or styled by registered editors.
    • archiveurl: The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like WebCite (see: Wikipedia:Using WebCite) and Internet Archive (see: Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine); requires archivedate.
      • archivedate: Date when the original URL was archived; preceded by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.[١] Do not wikilink.
      • deadurl: When the URL is still live, but preemptively archived, then set |deadurl=no. This changes the display order with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end.
    • template doc demo: The archive parameters will be error checked to ensure that all the required parameters are included, or else {{citation error}} is invoked. With errors, main, help and template pages are placed into Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax. Set |template doc demo=true to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated.
  • format: Format of the work referred to by url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after title. HTML is implied and should not be specified. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add format information for the visually impaired.
URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme. http:// and https:// will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://, gopher://, irc://, ircs://, mailto: and news: will require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported.
If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by %20. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:
sp " ' < > [ ] | }
%20 %22 %27 %3c %3e %5b %5d %7c %7d
Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.
  1. ^ ئ ا Accessdate and archivedate in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD. See: .


  • work (required by {{cite journal}} and {{cite magazine}}): Name of the work containing the source; may be wikilinked if relevant. Displays in italics. If the name of the periodical changed over time use the name at the time of the source's publication. If script-work is defined, use work to hold a Romanization (if available) of the title in script-work. Aliases: journal, newspaper, magazine, periodical, website. Use Latin script. For languages written in non-Latin based scripts (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Indic, Japanese, Korean, etc.) use a standard Romanization in this field.
    • script-work: Work title in its original, non-Latin script; not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in work (if present). Must be prefixed with one of the supported language codes to help browsers properly display the script. Leave empty for Latin-based scripts (Czech, French, Turkish, Vietnamese, etc.). Aliases: script-journal, script-newspaper, script-magazine, script-periodical, script-website.
    • trans-work: English translation of the work title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after work or script-work. Aliases: trans-journal, trans-newspaper, trans-magazine, trans-periodical, trans-website.
      ... |work=Zhōngguó piàofáng |script-work=zh:中国票房 |trans-work=China Box Office ...
    • issue: When the publication is one of a series that is published periodically. Alias: number. When the issue has a special title of its own, this may be given, in italics, along with the issue number, e.g. |issue=2, ''Modern Canadian Literature''. Please choose either |issue= or |number= depending on what is used in the actual publication. If a publication carries both issue and number designations (typically one being a year-relative and the other an absolute value), provide them both, for example |issue=2 #143. Displayed in parentheses following volume.
    • department: Title of a regular department, column, or section within the periodical or journal. Examples include "Communication", "Editorial", "Letter to the Editor", and "Review". Displays after title and is in plain text.
When set, work changes the formatting of other parameters in the same citation:
title is not italicized and is enclosed in quotes.
chapter does not display (and will produce an error message).
  • publisher: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. Not normally included for periodicals. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc" or "GmbH" are not usually included. Displays after title; if work is defined, then publisher is enclosed in parentheses.
  • place: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the location; examples: The Boston Globe, The Times of India. Displays after the title; if work is defined, then location is enclosed in parentheses. Alias: location
  • publication-place: If any one of publication-place, place or location are defined, then the location shows after the title; if publication-place and place or location are defined, then place or location are shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and publication-place is shown after the title.
  • publication-date: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if year or date are defined and only if different, else publication-date is used and displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows publisher; if work is not defined, then publication-date is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.


Edition, series, volume

دەستکاری
  • edition: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised" etc. Displays " ed." after this field, so |edition=2nd produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.


  • series or version: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal where the issue numbering has restarted.


  • volume: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the title and series fields; displays in bold— if bolding is not desired, then include the volume information in the title field.


In-source locations

دەستکاری
  • page: Page in the source that supports the content. Displays preceded with p. unless |nopp=y or work is defined.
  • OR: pages: Pages in the source that supports the content; separate page ranges with an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded with pp. unless |nopp=y or work is defined.
    • nopp: Set to y to suppress the p. or pp. notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where |page=Front cover.
  • OR: at: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by |page= or |pages=.
Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.


  • id: A unique identifier, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use a template as applicable.

These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier.


Subscription or registration required

دەستکاری

Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability § Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal the access restrictions of the external links included in a citation. Nota bene: access icons do not display correctly for editors who use Modern skin.

Four access levels can be used:

As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, these values are attributed to a particular external link.

Access indicators for url-holding parameters
دەستکاری

Sources linked by |url=, |chapter-url=, |entry-url=, |article-url=, and |section-url= are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these url-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they may not be marked as free.

url-holding and access-indicator parameters
url access allowed keywords
|url= |url-access= registration Free registration required
limited Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required
subscription Paid subscription required
|article-url= |article-url-access=
|chapter-url= |chapter-url-access=
|contribution-url= |chapter-url-access=dagger
|entry-url= |entry-url-access=
|section-url= |section-url-access=

dagger|contribution-url-access= not currently defined; use its alias |chapter-url-access=

Access indicator for named identifiers
دەستکاری

Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to be free-to-read, they may not be marked as limited, registration, or subscription.

named-identifier and access-indicator parameters
identifier access allowed keywords
|bibcode= |bibcode-access= free Freely accessible
|doi= |doi-access=
|hdl= |hdl-access=dagger
|jstor= |jstor-access=
|ol= |ol-access=
|osti= |osti-access=

Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named-identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters, the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:

  • |arxiv=
  • |biorxiv=
  • |citeseerx=
  • |pmc=
  • |rfc=
  • |ssrn=
Ambiguous access parameters
دەستکاری

The parameters |registration=yes and |subscription=yes can also be used to indicate the access level of a citation. However, they do not indicate which link they apply to, so editors are encouraged to use |url-access=registration and |url-access=subscription instead, when the restriction applies to |url=. If the restriction applies to an identifier, these parameters should be omitted.

These parameters add a link note to the end of the citation:

  • registration: (deprecated) For online sources that require registration, set |registration=yes (or y, or true); yields to subscription if both are set. Use the appropriate access-indicator parameter
  • subscription: (deprecated) For online sources that require a subscription, set |subscription=yes (or y, or true); supersedes registration if both are set. Use the appropriate access-indicator parameter

Setting |registration= or |subscription= to any value other than y, yes, or true will generate an error message.

  • laysummary: URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary".
    • laysource: Name of the source of the laysummary. Displays in italics and preceded by an endash.
    • laydate: Date of the summary. Displays in parentheses.


  • quote: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote needs to include terminating punctuation.



Display options

دەستکاری
  • author-mask: Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text. Set author-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide; set author-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all authors for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially. Do not use in a list generated by {{reflist}}, <references /> or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed.
  • author-name-separator: Controls the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space (, ); if the parameter is present, but blank, no separator punctuation will be used; a space must be encoded as &#32; do not use an asterisk (*), colon (:) or hash (#) as they will be interpreted as wikimarkup.
  • author-separator: Controls the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space (; ); if the parameter is present, but blank, no separator punctuation will be used; a space must be encoded as &#32; do not use an asterisk (*), colon (:) or hash (#) as they will be interpreted as wikimarkup.
  • display-authors: Controls the number of author names that are displayed when a citation is published. To control the displayed number of author names, set display-authors to the desired number. For example, |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation. By default, the only the first eight cited authors are displayed; subsequent authors beyond eight are represented in the published citation by "et al." If a citation contains nine author names and one wishes all nine author names to display, "et al." may be suppressed by setting |display-authors=9. Aliases: displayauthors.
  • lastauthoramp: Switches the separator between the last two names of the author list to space ampersand space ( & ) when set to any value. Example: |lastauthoramp=yes
  • postscript: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (.); if the parameter is present, but blank, no terminating punctuation will be used. Ignored if quote is defined.
  • separator: Controls the punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc. Defaults to a period (.); if the parameter is present, but blank, no separator punctuation will be used; a space must be encoded as &#32; do not use an asterisk (*), colon (:) or hash (#) as they will be interpreted as wikimarkup.

Although it may appear redundant to include multiple ids for articles, it is helpful for many editors who only have access to a certain resource. If only one ID is to be included, the DOI should be used, as this is the universal standard preferred by professional publications. Specifying a link as a DOI, PMID, etc. is always preferable to including it as a URL parameter, as it makes it clear that the link is accurate and stable, but not necessarily openly accessible. |access-date= is not necessary when a permanent identifier is used.

TemplateData

دەستکاری
ئەمە دراوەی داڕێژەیە بۆ ئەم داڕێژە کە لەلایەن جادووگەری داڕێژە، دەستکاریکەری دیداری و ئامڕازەکانی تر بەکارھاتووە. بڕوانە ڕاپۆرتی ھەڵەی مانگانە بۆ ئەم داڕێژە.

دراوەی داڕێژە بۆ Cite journal

This template formats a citation to an article in a magazine or journal, using the provided source information (e.g. journal name, author, title, issue, URL) and various formatting options.

پارامەترەکانی داڕێژە

This template prefers inline formatting of parameters.

پارامەتروەسفجۆرڕەوش
Last namelast author author1 authors last1

The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

هێڵپێشنیارکراوە
First namefirst first1

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

هێڵپێشنیارکراوە
Author linkauthor-link authorlink

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

پەڕەدڵخواز
Last name 2last2 author2

The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'.

هێڵدڵخواز
First name 2first2

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Author link 2author-link2 author2-link authorlink2

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Last name 3last3 author3

The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'.

هێڵدڵخواز
First name 3first3

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Author link 3author-link3 author3-link authorlink3

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Last name 4last4 author4

The surname of the forth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'.

هێڵدڵخواز
First name 4first4

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the forth author; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Author link 4author-link4 author4-link authorlink4

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the forth author.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Last name 5last5 author5

The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'.

هێڵدڵخواز
First name 5first5

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Author link 5author-link5 author5-link authorlink5

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Last name 6last6 author6

The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'.

هێڵدڵخواز
First name 6first6

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Author link 6author-link6 author6-link authorlink6

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Last name 7last7 author7

The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'.

هێڵدڵخواز
First name 7first7

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Author link 7author-link7 author7-link authorlink7

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Last name 8last8 author8

The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'.

هێڵدڵخواز
First name 8first8

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Author link 8author-link8 author8-link authorlink8

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Last name 9last9 author9

The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.

هێڵدڵخواز
First name 9first9

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Author link 9author-link9 author9-link authorlink9

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Last name 10last10 author10

The surname of the tenth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If ten authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last two authors.

هێڵدڵخواز
First name 10first10

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the tenth author; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Last name 11last11 author11

The surname of the 11th author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If more than nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the remaining authors.

هێڵدڵخواز
First name 11first11

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 11th author; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Display authorsdisplayauthors display-authors

number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used;

ژمارەدڵخواز
Author maskauthor-mask

Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
Last author ampersandlast-author-amp lastauthoramp

When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space'

Booleanدڵخواز
Author separatorauthor-separator

Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space; a space must be encoded as &#32;

بنچینەیی
;
هێڵدڵخواز
Author name separatorauthor-name-separator

Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as &#32;

بنچینەیی
,
هێڵدڵخواز
Vancouver style authorsvauthors

comma-separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses

هێڵدڵخواز
Source datedate

Date of the source; do not wikilink. As listed in the publication

ڕێکەوتپێشنیارکراوە
Year of publicationyear

Year of the source being referenced; recommended only when date parameter format is YYYY-MM-DD and a CITEREF disambiguator is needed

ژمارەدڵخواز
Original yearorig-year origyear

Original year of publication; provide specifics

ژمارەدڵخواز
Editor last nameeditor-last editor1-last

The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor'

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor first nameeditor-first editor1-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor linkeditor-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-link'

پەڕەدڵخواز
Editor last name 2editor2-last editor2

The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor first name 2editor2-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor link 2editor2-link editor2link editorlink2

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Editor last name 3editor3-last editor3

The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor first name 3editor3-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor link 3editor3-link editor3link editorlink3

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Editor last name 4editor4-last editor4

The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor first name 4editor4-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor link 4editor4-link editor4link editorlink4

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Editor last name 5editor5-last editor5

The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor first name 5editor5-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor link 5editor5-link editor5link editorlink5

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Editor last name 6editor6-last editor6

The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor first name 6editor6-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor link 6editor6-link editor6link editorlink6

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Editor last name 7editor7-last editor7

The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor first name 7editor7-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor link 7editor7-link editor7link editorlink7

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Editor last name 8editor8-last editor8

The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor first name 8editor8-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor link 8editor8-link editor8link editorlink8

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Editor last name 9editor9-last editor9

The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor first name 9editor9-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink.

هێڵدڵخواز
Editor link 9editor9-link editor9link editorlink9

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor.

پەڕەدڵخواز
Othersothers

Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'

ناوەڕۆکدڵخواز
Titletitle

The title of the article; can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes.

ناوەڕۆکپێویستە
Script titlescript-title

For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:...

هێڵدڵخواز
Translated titletrans-title

An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended

ناوەڕۆکدڵخواز
URLurl URL

The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the &nbsp;protocol relative scheme "//..."

نموونە
https://www.nytimes.com/...
هێڵپێشنیارکراوە
URL statusurl-status

If set to 'live', the title displays with the URL linked; if set to 'dead', the title displays with the archive URL linked

هێڵدڵخواز
Formatformat

Format of the work referred to by 'url' ('url' is required when using 'format'); examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML

ناوەڕۆکدڵخواز
Departmentdepartment

Department within the periodical

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
Journaljournal

Name of the source journal; may be wikilinked; displays in italics; alias of 'work'

ناوەڕۆکپێویستە
Chapterchapter

The chapter heading of the source

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
Typetype

Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case

ناوەڕۆکدڵخواز
Seriesseries version

Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal; alias of 'version'

ناوەڕۆکدڵخواز
Languagelanguage

The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates

ناوەڕۆکدڵخواز
Editionedition

When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.'

هێڵدڵخواز
Location of publicationlocation

Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
Publisherpublisher

Name of the publisher; displays after title

ناوەڕۆکدڵخواز
Place of publicationpublication-place

Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'

ناوەڕۆکدڵخواز
Publication datepublication-date

Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink

ڕێکەوتدڵخواز
Volumevolume

For one publication published in several volumes

هێڵپێشنیارکراوە
Issueissue

Issue identifier when the source is part of a series that is published periodically

هێڵدڵخواز
Pagepage

Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'

هێڵدڵخواز
Pagespages

Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.'

هێڵپێشنیارکراوە
Atat

May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient

هێڵدڵخواز
No ppnopp

Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')

هێڵدڵخواز
arXiv identifierarxiv

An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers

هێڵدڵخواز
ASINasin

Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters

هێڵدڵخواز
ASIN TLDasin-tld

ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US

هێڵدڵخواز
Bibcodebibcode

Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters

هێڵدڵخواز
biorXivbiorxiv

biorXiv identifier; 6 digits

هێڵدڵخواز
CiteSeerXciteseerx

CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter

هێڵدڵخواز
DOIdoi

Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
DOI broken datedoi-broken-date

The date that the DOI was determined to be broken

ڕێکەوتدڵخواز
ISBNisbn

International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible

هێڵدڵخواز
ISSNissn

International Standard Serial Number (print); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen

هێڵدڵخواز
eISSNeissn

International Standard Serial Number (online); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen

هێڵدڵخواز
jfm codejfm

Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code

هێڵدڵخواز
JSTORjstor

JSTOR identifier

هێڵدڵخواز
LCCNlccn

Library of Congress Control Number

هێڵدڵخواز
MRmr

Mathematical Reviews identifier

هێڵدڵخواز
OCLCoclc

Online Computer Library Center number

ژمارەدڵخواز
OLol

Open Library identifier

هێڵدڵخواز
OSTIosti

Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier

هێڵدڵخواز
PMCpmc

PubMed Center article number

ژمارەدڵخواز
PMIDpmid

PubMed Unique Identifier

هێڵدڵخواز
RFCrfc

Request for Comments number

ژمارەدڵخواز
SSRNssrn

Social Science Research Network

هێڵدڵخواز
Zblzbl

Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier

هێڵدڵخواز
idid

A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable

هێڵدڵخواز
URL access levelurl-access

Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
Archive URLarchive-url archiveurl

The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate'

هێڵدڵخواز
Archive datearchive-date archivedate

Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink

ڕێکەوتدڵخواز
URL access dateaccess-date accessdate

The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink

ڕێکەوتدڵخواز
Registrationregistration

If the reference requires registration, type 'yes' to notify the reader.

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
Subscriptionsubscription

If the reference requires a subscription, type 'yes' to notify the reader.

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
Lay summary URLlay-url layurl laysummary

URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; alias of 'laysummary'

هێڵدڵخواز
Lay sourcelay-source laysource

Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
Lay datelay-date laydate

Date of the summary; displays in parentheses

ڕێکەوتدڵخواز
Quotequote

Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation

ناوەڕۆکدڵخواز
Postscriptpostscript

The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none'

بنچینەیی
.
هێڵدڵخواز
Refref

An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates

هێڵدڵخواز
Separatorseparator

The punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc.; a space must be encoded as &#32; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none'

بنچینەیی
.
هێڵدڵخواز
Content deliverer (i.e. Database)via

Provider of the article (not the publisher), usually an aggregator of journal articles or a repository

نموونە
JSTOR, Project MUSE, Elsevier Science Direct
زنجیرەنووسەپێشنیارکراوە
Bibcode access levelbibcode-access

If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'.

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
DOI access leveldoi-access

If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'.

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
HDL access levelhdl-access

If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'.

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
Jstor access leveljstor-access

If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'.

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
OpenLibrary access levelol-access

If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'.

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز
HDL access levelosti-access

If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'.

زنجیرەنووسەدڵخواز

This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.